Toro Electrical Systems Principles Circuits Schematics Test Equipment Components 09170SL

Electrical Systems
  5
Basic Circuits
Series Circuit
Series Circuit
A series circuit is a circuit that may include more than
one load.
Characteristics of a series circuit:
1:
2:
The current is constant through out the circuit.
The current must pass through each component
in the circuit.
The total resistance of the circuit controls the
current in the circuit.
The total resistance of the circuit is the sum of all
the resistance’s in the circuit.
The sum of the voltage drops across the resistors
3:
4:
5:
will equal the applied voltage.
Resistance in a series circuit equals the sum of all
resistance’s (that is, R = R1+R2+R3+ etc...)
Parallel Circuits
Parallel Circuit
A parallel circuit is a circuit that has two or more
loads connected so that current can divide and flow
through the load. Most electrical circuits are parallel.
Characteristics of a parallel circuit:
1:
2:
The current has many paths.
The resistance in each load will determine the
current flow for that resistance.
The total resistance will always be less than the
smallest resistance in the circuit.
The voltage drop across all loads will be battery
3:
4:
voltage.
The formula for calculating resistance in a parallel
circuit is:
R =  R1  x  R2
R1  +  R2
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