Electrical Systems
7
The three electrical elements have a direct effect on
each other. The formula to calculate this effect is
Ohms Law.
Ohm’s Law
The illustration at the right is Ohms law. The letters
represent the properties in the system.
V = Voltage,
C = Current,
R = Resistance.
(Hint: remember VCR.)
If you know any two of the values you can apply the
proper mathematical formula and find the third.
Lets apply Ohms Law to a circuit
Example 1
A starter motor for a WORKMAN 3200 Gas draws 90
amps when the system is operating correctly.
Since we know the voltage and the current, we find
the resistance by taking the voltage and dividing it by
the current. 12.5 volts ÷ 90 amps = 0.135 Ohms
If we INCREASE our system resistance to 0.2A, what
will happen to our current flow? 12.5 volts / 0.2A =
Example 2
62.5
amps. An increase in our system resistance will
decrease the current flow in our circuit. This will
result in what symptom?
(Answer = slow crank or no start.)
What happens if we DECREASE our starting system
resistance to 0.04A? 12.5 volts / 0.04A = 312.5
amps. This will result in what symptom?
(Answer = slow crank or no start.)
How can higher resistance cause the same
symptoms as lower resistance? With higher
resistance, the amount of current flowing to the
starter is limited by the additional resistance in the
circuit. In the case of lower resistance, the only way
to lower resistance in a circuit is to provide a shorter
or alternate path to ground. That means that a
portion of the amperage flow is taking a different path
to ground than originally intended. the result is
actually a lower power output from the starter.
Toro University Technical Training
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